New paper: An everyday political economy of food insecurity in Myanmar’s Central Dry Zone

In this new paper co-authored by RSO member Mark Vicol, the authors argue that the everyday experience of food insecurity is highly differentiated in village contexts in Myanmar (and the Global South more broadly), and develop an everyday political economy approach as a fruitful way to interrogate and understand this difference. The analysis is based on a large scale mixed-methods study of rural villages in Myanmar’s Central Dry Zone conducted between 2016 and 2019. You can read the paper for free here https://rdcu.be/d5bci, or download here (paywall) https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-024-01506-4.

Postscript: On 1 February 2021 the Myanmar military (Tatmadaw) deposed the democratically elected National League for Democracy government of Myanmar in a coup d’état before returning power to a military junta. At the time of writing, the military junta has thrust Myanmar back into a period of violence, arbitrary arrest, oppression, uncertainty and de facto civil war. Many villages in the Central Dry Zone have been arbitrarily burned by the military, and residents forced to flee, including the villages in this study. Similarly, many Myanmar researchers, academics and activists have been arrested or forced to flee the country. It is likely that the dynamics analyzed in this paper have shifted dramatically and unevenly, however further research remains impossible at present. The authors of the paper are distressed that the people interviewed for this paper are now the bearers of state-sanctioned violence and express our solidarity with those wishing to return democracy to Myanmar.

Farm labourer in Myanmar's Central Dry Zone
Farm labourer in Myanmar’s Central Dry Zone. Photo credit: Mark Vicol

Publication | “Agroecology for migrant ‘emplacement’ in the left-behind European countryside”

Happy to share the publication of a recent article in Sociologia Ruralis, “Agroecology for migrant ‘emplacement’ in the left-behind European countryside” by Simone Cappati and Alberto Alonso-Fradejas. In this work, they explore the intersection of the green and demographic transitions in the European Union, focusing on the role of agroecology in the settlement and socioeconomic integration of diverse newcomers in Italy’s ageing and marginalised rural areas.

The article analyzes the challenges and opportunities faced by both Italian city-dwellers-turned-agroecological farmers and non-EU agroecological farmworkers in these communities. Through the lens of agroecological initiatives supported by municipalities and NGOs, they investigate how these efforts contribute to the EU Green Deal while offering newcomers a chance to participate in sustainable rural (re)development. Their findings suggest that agroecology has the potential to foster ’emplacement’ by facilitating everyday interactions between long-time residents and newcomers, though they also highlight potential issues of injustice that may arise from exploitative labor practices.

Read the full article here.

Podcast | Wat voelt het platteland?

Luister naar de nieuwste aflevering van de podcast De Sociologie Show met Bettina Bock. De voorlaatste verkiezingen leken met de winst van de BBB gedomineerd door gevoelens van miskenning in de regio’s en dorpen. Is dat gevoel sinds een jaar – en de blijvende verschrompeling van de BBB – soms verdwenen?

Bettina Bock, in Wageningen hoogleraar inclusieve plattelandsontwikkeling en in Groningen bijzonder hoogleraar bevolkingsdaling en leefbaarheid in noord Nederland, heeft daar zicht op. Hoe zit het met de gevoelens van miskenning buiten de stad? En zijn de zorgzame gemeenschappen die nu op veel plekken wortel schieten een bron van trots?

Presentatie door Tara Lewis (journalist) en Marcel Ham (hoofdredacteur van Tijdschrift voor Sociale Vraagstukken).

Luister de podcast hier.

Publication | Exploring the global connections of our food system

The complexity of food production and consumption in the Netherlands is deeply intertwined with international dynamics, requiring new approaches to sustainability. In this new publication, ten essays explore how global interconnections influence the ability of governments to shape policies and drive societal change within the Dutch food system.

Our colleagues Bettina Bock and Han Wiskerke contributed an essay, “Food from Near and Far: Shifting Relationships in the Food Chain.” They explore how agriculture has evolved since WWII, marked by modernization, globalization, and the rise of local food initiatives. These shifts not only affect nature and landscapes but also challenge how we balance efficiency, sustainability, and social cohesion.

You can download and read the publication here (available in Dutch only).

Municipal Politics and the PKK in the late 1970s: A citizenship perspective

Joost Jongerden and Francis O’Connor recently published a commentary in which they discuss the  Kurdistan  Workers Party’s  (PKK) municipal politics  in  the  late 1970s  through  the  lens  of  citizenship  politics. The data for this work is based on empirical research on the PKK’s political activities among  rural  workers,  peasants,  women  and  workers  in  the  petrol industry   in   Batman   and   Hilvan,   including 24   interviews   with witnesses   and   activists   engaged   in   the   PKK’s   electoral   and representative  municipal political  work  in  the  1970s.

The  article  introduces  two  concepts – activist citizenship  and  fugitive  citizenship  – to  analyse the PKK’s mobilisation in this period, before the 1980   military   coup   in   Turkey. Activist citizenship  challenges  the  restrictive  boundaries of  state-sanctioned  citizenship,  while  fugitive citizenship creates alternative political spaces for marginalized  groups.  Both  concepts  highlight how individuals and groups, such as the PKK, can  assert  their  political  agency  in  contexts where  they  are  denied  formal  citizenship.  The research questions linear  understandings of the PKK’s   emergence   as   a   political   movement inevitably  destined  to  become  an  insurgent movement.

The PKK’s participation in municipal electoral and representative politics in the late 1970s in Batman and Hilvan was the PKK’s first attempt to establish Kurds as citizens, a struggle which continued in activist and fugitive forms through the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s, albeit in the shadow of the violent storm of insurgency, mass rural population displacement and suffering which characterised the years after 1984.

Read more: https://journals.tplondon.com/com/article/view/3428