Category Archives: Education

Education

Support of Learning and Innovation Networks for Sustainable Agriculture (SOLINSA): new EU-funded project

Posted on by

In March we had the kick-off  meeting of the EU-funded research project SOLINSA: Support of Learning and Innovation Networks for Sustainable Agriculture. The website has been launched recently and provides information on the project and will publish reports of findings. At the front page of the website can find a link a flyer on the SOLINSA project.

Agriculture is in transition. Among others agriculture respond to market developments, policy reforms, consumers and societal concerns and more generally sustainability issues, but in various ways.  From a rather one-sided production perspective , agriculture has become many-sided or even versatile. This has in turn has implication for Agricultural Knowledge System (AKS), i.e. the formal education, research and advice directed to agriculture and its development and is reflected in the different tasks and roles AKS can and is asked to fulfill in the support of learning and innovation practiced in often less formalised networks (i.e. the LINSA’s). AKS is in transition too, with regard to the need of building versatile expertise as well in how its is formally organised and funded (private, public or mixed funding). This is core of what will be studied in SOLINSA: how AKS can support more effectively and efficiently learning and innovation networks for sustainable agriculture. For this purpose two Learning and Innovation Networks for Sustainable Agriculture (i.e. LINSA) of various kinds in the eight participating countries will be studied in depth. In the Netherlands for example the network of sustainable dairy farmers (www.duurzaamboerblijven.nl).

The Rural Sociology Group (RSO) and Communication and Innovation Studies (CIS) of Wageningen University jointly participate as a partner in SOLINSA. For information you can contact either Laurens.Klerkx@wur.nl (CIS), Frans.Hermans@wur.nl (CIS) or Dirk.Roep@wur.nl (RSO).

Growing food in the neighbourhood

Posted on by

Tilburg’s City Garden- Lise Alix

This winter I did an internship in which I set up a city garden in Tilburg. I found ten enthusiastic, mostly female neighbours, ready to cooperate in creating their neighbourhood’s kitchen’s garden. We learned about designing and preparing a garden, working together, and about physical endurance while spreading manure, transporting unwanted sand, and carrying and breaking paving stones.

I was assigned to manage this project by the Brabantse Milieufederatie (BMF), an organization that tries to protect the  environment. One of their focus points is on food, because food is a daily need that links many environmental problems like food transport, food packaging and unsustainable agriculture with use of pesticides and fertilizers.
One way of solving these problems is by growing our local vegetables, for example in neighbourhoods kitchen’s gardens. The BMF has, in cooperation with other organizations, tried to raise consciousness and support by the municipality of Tilburg on city gardens. As an example of how well it functions, BMF wanted to have one tangible kitchen’s garden in Tilburg. That’s where I came in.

Continue reading →

Torri Superiore Ecovillage: resisting the abandonment of rural marginal areas in Italy

Posted on by

 MSc-thesis by Alberto Giani

Modernization of agriculture has clearly shown not to be a viable solution for marginalized areas, while a mix of retro-innovation, fantasy and passion is showing a possible novel way forward for the re-utilization of abandoned areas and the revitalization of its socio-economic life.

Torri Superiore Ecovillage is such as case, that I studied in my MSc-thesis (click here for my full thesis report), part of my Master Organic Agriculture in Wageningen Univesity.

Torri Superiore Ecovillage can be defined as a bounded space re-created by in-migrants (new-rurals) that came and establish their lives in a place out from the mainstream society, utilizing external resources (both human resources and capital) and skills to revitalize through a neo-endogenous process the economic potential of a semi-abandoned low productive rural area.

Agriculture in a marginal area can rarely be a remunerative activity. In particular if an area has been abandoned for years and offers no opportunity for mechanization. Making a living in agriculture thus demands a break with the mainstream perspective on agricultural production. A capitalistic approach to land use, based on the integration in markets, is barely impossible in these areas. However from a different rural development approach still work can be created in the production of quality food remunerating a little salary to built a decent life, allowing people to live as much as possible in harmony with the environment without depleting it from its natural resources. Patrimonialization, broadening, deepening, re-grounding, creating local outlets are all strategies that can stimulate the rebirth of a local nested economy embedded in the territory, as is the case in Torri Superiore Ecovillage. This case represents a positive experiment in the restoration of economic efficiency in a marginal rural area.

Current policies discourses do stress the importance of creating proper conditions to make people stay in or return to marginal areas, but in practice the cost of the land, the bureaucracy and the taxes make it almost impossible for anybody to stay in marginal rural areas or for people without any experiences (so called new-rurals) to return to these areas.

Guest lectures on ‘A global sense of place’

Posted on by

In the context of the new Capita Selecta course ‘A global sense of place’ several guest lectures are organized by the Rural Sociology Group. These lectures are open for all students, PhD’s and staff members. Coming up are the following events, please join! More information: lummina.horlings@wur.nl.

Monday May 23th (15.30-17.00, room C63): Will Day.

Will Day is a PhD candidate in Harvard University’s dual PhD program in Middle Eastern Studies and Social Anthropology. His main interests are in economic and political anthropology, Marxist thought and its legacy in anthropology, urbanization and urban political economies defined by displacement and dispossession, and political geography and political ecology. He has carried out two years of ethnographic fieldwork in Diyarbakir, Turkey (June 2007-June 2009). His dissertation is focused on urban livelihoods and cultural politics in Diyarbakir the wake of massive state counterinsurgency campaigns that led to the displacement and dispossession of, very likely, well over 1,000,000 rural Kurds. He is interested in how family histories of rural displacement and dispossession and subsequent urban realities of mass unemployment have resulting in the transformation of not only the practices of work, but also the meaning of productivity, work, and masculinity, wealth, value, masculinity, and, ultimately, political belonging and citizenship and the imagination of political futures in this space of rapid and radical political economic transformations.
Content of the lecture: Will Day will talk about urban development in a place in Turkey. He will focus on ”political economy and urban livelihoods in the city through the lens of Massey’s concepts about thinking spatially which might help to clarify what it means to think of a space (a city, a village, etc) as less a fixed, stable entity and more a temporary, contingent crystallization of dynamic processes that link localities to wider geographies and relations of political community, economic life, and cultural imagination”.

Continue reading →

Grondhouding en strategie van boeren leidend bij inspelen op vergroening van GLB

Posted on by

MSc-thesis Elisa de Lijster

In mijn onderzoek heb ik gekeken in hoeverre opvattingen en grondhoudingen van melkveehouders aangaande bedrijfsvoering en natuur & het landschap richtinggevend zijn voor de wijze waarop ze zullen inspelen op de aanstaande hervorming van het Gemeenschappelijk Landbouwbeleid (GLB). Door een vergroening van het GLB krijgen boeren de mogelijkheid om publieke diensten leveren op het gebied van klimaat, water, dierenwelzijn, natuur, milieu en landschap. De vraag is dus of en hoe boeren daarop in zullen spelen.

Drie landschapsbeelden die ik in mijn onderzoek heb gebruiktIk heb mijn onderzoek verricht in Noordoost Overijssel, tussen een – door het beleid voorgestelde begrenzing – ‘Maatschappelijk Waardevol Gebied’ (MWG): het  Nationale Landschap Noordoost Twente (NOT) en een gebied daaraan grenzend. In beide gebieden heb ik tien melkveehouders geïnterviewd.  De inkomenssteun per ha vanuit het GLB ligt in dit gebied ver boven het landelijk gemiddelde. Een verlaging of herverdeling van de huidige inkomenssteun kan dus grote gevolgen hebben.

Op basis van mijn onderzoek (klik hier voor mijn complete Msc-thesis) maak ik onderscheid tussen twee uiteenlopende grondhoudingen en daarmee samenhangende ontwikkelingspatronen. Sommige boeren zijn meer productiegericht, andere meer omgevingsgericht. Uit mijn onderzoek blijkt dat zij andere keuzes maken als het gaat om het uit voeren van maatschappelijke waardevolle diensten en de manier waarop ze denken in te spelen op de toekomstige verandering in het GLB.

Productiegerichte boeren richten zich op het behalen van een maximale productie/ha, waarbij de natuur vooral een instrumentele waarde heeft. Deze boeren pakken eerder diensten op die positief interfereren met hun gewenste bedrijfsontwikkeling. Dat zijn veelal diensten op het gebied van klimaat, water en bodem en een verdere verduurzaming van hun landbouwpraktijk via innovatieve technieken. Diensten gericht op natuur of landschap passen hier niet in, wat dus op gespannen voet staat met de beoogde beleidsambitie.

De omgevingsgerichte boeren leggen zich meer toe op het integreren van natuur en landbouwbeoefening en beogen een balans met de omgeving. De intrinsieke waarde van natuur wordt meer gewaardeerd. De voorgestelde maatschappelijk waardevolle diensten worden sneller door deze boeren opgepakt aangezien deze overeenkomen met hun ontwikkelingsvisie en grondhouding.

Beide ontwikkelingspatronen kunnen zowel binnen en buiten het MWG NOT gevonden worden, wat een relevante observatie is voor de beoogde doelstellingen vanuit het beleid. Uit dit onderzoek komt naar voren dat sommige beleidsambities overeen komen met die van de boeren in Noordoost Overijssel en andere minder. In het kader van de aanstaande GLB hervorming, valt op dat alle boeren hun bedrijf wensen voort te zetten in lijn met hun gewenste ontwikkelingsrichting en dat het beoogde beleidsplan hierdoor een polariserende werking in de landbouwstructuur zal hebben.